Penedos de Lobo Roman Camp

This is the oldest documented Roman military presence to date in the territory of present-day Galicia, and could be chronologically linked to the period of the Cantabrian-Asturian Wars, between 25 and 22 BC.

The Roman camp at Penedos de Lobos is 2.34 hectares in size, with a capacity for up to 1,000 soldiers, which defines it as a small camp. It still preserves the characteristic four gates that define the Roman military enclosures, and almost the entire perimeter of the defensive wall, which, moreover, in a very unusual way, is built in stone.

It was occupied for a short period of time, so it would have been a seasonal camp, where a Roman military contingent with a specific mission, as yet unknown, was established for several weeks or a month. A 2018 excavation revealed Roman sandal studs (caligae) and coins minted by Publius Carisius, used to pay legionaries during the reign of Emperor Octavian Augustus, between 25 and 22 BC.

While the actual mission of this Roman contingent is unknown, the period corresponds to the Cantabrian-Asturian Wars in which the Romans completed the conquest of Hispania, making it the oldest Roman presence in Galician territory.

The camp was discovered by a local resident, Rubén F. Lorenzo Pérez, who described the existence of a high mountain enclosure with peculiar characteristics to the group romanarmy.eu. It is very close to the Cabeza de Manzaneda ski resort and was traditionally a grazing area with vegetation that made identification difficult.

Source: http://romanarmy.eu/2018/08/28/s-cantabro-astures-o-campamento-romano-de-penedo-dos-lobos-revela-a-presenza-militar-romana-mais-antiga-documentada-en-galicia/